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Abstract Objective：To investigate the treatment method and improvement of nursing measures of microwave technique under choledochoscope for biliary tract diseases.Method：Targeted nursing measures was implemented on 71 patients with biliary tract diseases（including the bile duct stricture and bile duct polypi，bile duct polypoid lesions and bile duct wall tumor） who underwent microwave technique under choledochoscope before and after the treatment：（1）subjects were intervened with psychological guidance to introduce the benefits about the treatment to relieve fear before the operation.In addition，patients with T-tubes accepted nursing measures about tube draining and catheter irrigation according orders.（2）Mucosal surface anesthesia on antrum and bile duct was conducted routinely before microscopy.（3）The power of microwave for treatment of bile duct stricture was 50 to 90 W.The stricture sites were enlarged by multi-points coagulation and rad cauterization to char or gasify the membrane-like hyperplastic tissues.For treatment of polypi of bile duct and biliary tumor，which first underwent biopsies to rule out canceration，the power of microwave was generally 90 to 110 W.During the operation，the radiation head was usually inserted into polypi foci to make local tissue white-looking and charring then.（4）T-tube was fixed well after operation，observed the color，output and blood of bile，and subjects and family members were guided with the protection measures for T-tube. Result：（1）All subjects accepted microwave technique under choledochoscope and visiting as schedules，and had good compliance.（2）Totally 33 cases of bile duct stricture and 44 cases of bile duct polypi or biliary tumor underwent microwave treatment under choledochoscopy.The bile duct strictures took a favorable turn，which were verified by T-tube visualization to show an improved image of bile duct tree.In addition，the polypi foci disappeared gradually.（3）No complication like bleeding or perforation occurred during the treatment in all the patients，and no case quitted because of bad compliance.The choledochoscope was intact after use，keeping a fine condition as before.（4）All T-tubes were protected well，and biliary drainage was unblocked，and no secondary bleeding occurred.Conclusion：It is more beneficial to conduct microwave technique under choledochoscope for treatment biliary tract diseases with psychological guidance before operation，adjusting the power of microwave precisely during the operation，and strengthening the protection of T-tube and implementing personalized care measures.
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