Abstract Objective：To explore the expression and correlation of RhoE and EGFR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma， and analyze its clinical significance.Method：59 patients with esophageal carcinoma were collect from the in our hospital from Jan 2011 to Jan 2012. The method of RT-PCR was used to examine the expressions of RhoE and EGFR in esophageal carcinoma and normal esophageal tissues. The results and other relevant clinical parameters were used for statistical analysis.Result：（1）The relative expression of EGFR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and normal esophageal tissues were（ 0.581±0.174） and（ 0.347±0.136），the difference between them was significant （P<0.05）.（2）The relative expression of RhoE in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and normal esophageal tissues were（ 0.346±0.241） and（ 0.673±0.142）， the difference between them was significant（ P<0.05）.（3）The expressions of them were closely related to expression of tumor pathological staging， differentiation degree， lymph metastasis and high tumor infiltration（ P<0.001），but had no relationship with other factors such as tumor type， size and location （P<0.01）.（4）It had a negative correlation between the expression of RhoE and EGFR in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma（ P<0.01）.Conclusion：The expression level of EGFR gene in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is higher，while the RhoE expression level is lower； it has a negative correlation between them. The expressions of them have a closely relationship with the expression of tumor pathological staging， differentiation degree， lymph metastasis and high tumor infiltration.Thus，it can be seen that，the expressions of RhoE and EGFR plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Testing the expressions of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue will help us to evaluate the prognosis.
