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Abstract Objective：To observe the effect of the transient receptor potential vanilloid loid 1（ TRPV1） on neuronal regeneration after crush injury to the rat’s sciatic nerve.Method：The right sciatic nerve of the adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were crushed.Rats in the experimental group received a subcutaneous injection of AMG-517 ，a highly potent and selective TRPV1 antagonist， into the right hind paw 1 h before the crush.At the crush zone， proximal zone and distal zone，the numbers of myelinated fibers on the transverse section were counted after a surviving time of 7 or 14 days. Result：（1）At the intact side and the proximal zone，the numbers of myelinated fibers did not show any difference.（2） the sciatic nerve injury in the middle of neural axon number counting found that damage to 1 week compared with in 2 weeks， AMG517 treatment+1 week after injury compared with 2 weeks， pure injury and compared between AMG517 + damage， its axon number difference had statistical significance（ P<0.01）.Use AMG517 treatment group rats sciatic nerve injury of axon number significantly more than the simple injury group.（3） In the distal sciatic nerve injury， the nerve axon number of damage extended axon number increased with time，especially the damage before used AMG517 treatment group rats damage distal nerve axon number increased obviously， the difference was statistically significant（ P<0.01）.Conclusion：Blockage of the TRPV1 can promote neuronal regeneration after sciatic crush injury.
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