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Abstract Objective：To compare the clinical effect and safety of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy（MPCNL） and ureteroscopy lithotripsy（URL） for upper ureteral calculi.Method：The clinical data of patients with upper ureteral calculi including MPCNL group and URL group were analyzed，respectively.The calculi clearance rate，operative time，intraoperative blood loss，length of hospital stay and incidence of complications were compared.Result：No significant differences of clinical data were observed between the MPCNL group and URL group before the treatment.After treatment， the calculi clearance rates of MPCNL group were significantly superior to the URL group（P<0.05）.However，the operative time，intraoperative blood loss and length of hospital stay of URL group were significantly less than MPCNL group（P<0.05）.Besides，there was no significant difference of incidence of complications between the two groups（ P>0.05）.Conclusion：The best treatment schedule should be determined according to the patients conditions， surgical indications and patients’ thoughts to achieve good clinical effect and patients’ satisfactory.
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