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Abstract Objective：To investigate the role of myofibroblast’s differentiation mediated by PDGF/Rock pathway in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.Method：SiO2 powders were douched in bronchial tube of rat to make the silicotic model. Fourty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups，including normal control 4 weeks group，normal control 8 weeks group，silicosic model 4 weeks group，silicosic model 8 weeks group.The expression and distribution of phospho-PDGFR-β were observed by immunocytochemistry.Expressions of α-smooth muscle scle actin（ α-SMA），phospho-PDGFR-β，Rock，collagenⅠand collagen Ⅲ were detected by Western blot.Result：Model of rats with silicosis was successful established.Compared with the corresponding control groups，the expressions of α-SMA，phospho-PDGFR-β，ROCK，type Ⅰand type Ⅲ collagen in pulmonary tissues of silicosic model groups increased significantly（ P<0.05）.Conclusion：PDGF/Rock pathway may play an important role in the development of silicosis by promoting myofibroblast differentiation and further secreting more collgen.
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